{"id":2138,"date":"2025-02-12T13:02:54","date_gmt":"2025-02-12T11:02:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/?p=2138"},"modified":"2025-04-08T13:13:18","modified_gmt":"2025-04-08T10:13:18","slug":"articolul-clasificarea-articolului-categoriile-gramaticale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/?p=2138","title":{"rendered":"Articolul. Clasificarea articolului. Categoriile gramaticale"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-56a7945e-817f-4f5a-a433-379b66b1c76b\" href=\"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Articolul.ppt\">Articolul. Clasificarea articolului. Categoriile gramaticale          Prezentare PT       <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Articolul.ppt\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-56a7945e-817f-4f5a-a433-379b66b1c76b\">Descarc\u0103<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"739\" height=\"503\" src=\"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/articolul.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2141\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.4691848906560636;width:593px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/articolul.jpg 739w, https:\/\/cedra.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/articolul-300x204.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 739px) 100vw, 739px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Articolul<\/strong>\u00a0este o\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/limbaromana.net\/gramatica\/morfologia\/partile-de-vorbire-flexibile\/\">parte de vorbire flexibil\u0103<\/a>\u00a0care \u00eenso\u021be\u0219te de obicei un\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/limbaromana.net\/gramatica\/morfologia\/partile-de-vorbire-flexibile\/substantivul\/\">substantiv<\/a>\u00a0\u0219i arat\u0103 \u00een ce m\u0103sur\u0103 obiectul denumit de acesta este cunoscut vorbitorilor. Are un rol de instrument gramatical (unealt\u0103 gramatical\u0103, morfem sau cuv\u00e2nt ajut\u0103tor) pentru\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/limbaromana.net\/gramatica\/morfologia\/partile-de-vorbire-flexibile\/substantivul\/declinarile-substantivului\/\">declinarea substantivului<\/a>. Articolul nu are un \u00een\u021beles de sine st\u0103t\u0103tor \u0219i nici func\u021bie sintactic\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Articolele nu se folosesc niciodat\u0103 singure, ci doar \u00eempreun\u0103 cu substantive,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/limbaromana.net\/gramatica\/morfologia\/partile-de-vorbire-flexibile\/adjectivul\/\">adjective<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/limbaromana.net\/gramatica\/morfologia\/partile-de-vorbire-flexibile\/pronumele\/\">pronume<\/a>&nbsp;sau&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/limbaromana.net\/gramatica\/morfologia\/partile-de-vorbire-flexibile\/numeralul\/\">numerale<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><em>un, o, ni\u0219te<\/em>&nbsp;stau \u00eenaintea unui substantiv&nbsp;<em><u>un<\/u>&nbsp;c\u00e2ine,&nbsp;<u>o<\/u>&nbsp;pisic\u0103,&nbsp;<u>ni\u0219te<\/u>&nbsp;animale<\/em>&nbsp;sau \u00eenaintea unei p\u0103r\u021bi de vorbire cu valoare de substantiv&nbsp;<em><u>un<\/u>&nbsp;harnic,&nbsp;<u>un<\/u>&nbsp;patru<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>-l, -le, -a<\/em>&nbsp;stau al\u0103turi de un substantiv&nbsp;<em>b\u0103iatu<u>l<\/u>, frate<u>le<\/u>, fat<u>a<\/u><\/em>, adjectiv&nbsp;<em>\u00eenaltu<u>l<\/u>, \u00eenalt<u>a<\/u><\/em>, pronume&nbsp;<em>altu<u>l<\/u>, alt<u>a<\/u><\/em>&nbsp;\u0219i numeral&nbsp;<em>primu<u>l,&nbsp;<\/u>prim<u>a<\/u><\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Atunci c\u00e2nd \u00eenso\u021besc un substantiv, articolele ajut\u0103 substantivul s\u0103 individualizeze obiectul denumit, s\u0103 particularizeze sau generalizeze obiectul comunic\u0103rii.<br><em>\u2012 Ai m\u00e2ncat banan\u0103?<\/em>\u00a0(este vorba de banane \u00een general)<br><em>\u2012 Am m\u00e2ncat azi\u00a0<u>o<\/u>\u00a0banan\u0103.<\/em>\u00a0(nu mai e vorba de banane \u00een general, ci de una pe care a m\u00e2ncat-o)<br><em>\u2012 Banan<u>a<\/u>\u00a0este bun\u0103.<\/em>\u00a0(este vorba de banana din propozi\u021bia anterioar\u0103, nu una oarecare)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"clasificarea-articolelor\">Clasificarea articolelor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Articolele pot fi \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bite dup\u0103 gradul de individualizare pe care-l exprim\u0103 \u0219i dup\u0103 pozi\u021bia pe care o au fa\u021b\u0103 de cuv\u00e2ntul articulat<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"articole-dupa-gradul-de-individualizare\">Articole dup\u0103 gradul de individualizare<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dup\u0103 gradul \u00een care ajut\u0103 substantivul la individualizarea obiectului denumit, articolul poate fi hot\u0103r\u00e2t sau nehot\u0103r\u00e2t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"articolul-hotarat\">Articolul hot\u0103r\u00e2t<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Articolul hot\u0103r\u00e2t arat\u0103 un obiect cunoscut vorbitorului \u0219i poate fi la r\u00e2ndul lui de 3 feluri:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/limbaromana.net\/gramatica\/morfologia\/partile-de-vorbire-flexibile\/articolul\/articolul-hotarat\/\">articol hot\u0103r\u00e2t propriu-zis<\/a>&nbsp;<em>-l, -le, -a, -i, -lui, -lor<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/limbaromana.net\/gramatica\/morfologia\/partile-de-vorbire-flexibile\/articolul\/articolul-posesiv\/\">posesiv<\/a>&nbsp;(genitival)&nbsp;<em>al, ai, a, ale, alor<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/limbaromana.net\/gramatica\/morfologia\/partile-de-vorbire-flexibile\/articolul\/articolul-demonstrativ\/\">demonstrativ<\/a>&nbsp;(adjectival)&nbsp;<em>cel, cea, cei, cele, celui, celei, celor<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"articolul-nehotarat\">Articolul nehot\u0103r\u00e2t<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Atunci c\u00e2nd arat\u0103 obiectul individualizat, dar nu \u00eel identific\u0103 exact pentru vorbitori, articolul este&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/limbaromana.net\/gramatica\/morfologia\/partile-de-vorbire-flexibile\/articolul\/articolul-nehotarat\/\">nehot\u0103r\u00e2t<\/a>&nbsp;<em>un, o, unui, unei, ni\u0219te, unor<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"dupa-pozitia-fata-de-cuvantul-pe-care-l-articuleaza\">Dup\u0103 pozi\u021bia fa\u021b\u0103 de cuv\u00e2ntul pe care-l articuleaz\u0103<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen raport cu cuv\u00e2ntul pe care-l articuleaz\u0103, articolul poate sta \u00eenaintea acestuia, dup\u0103 el sau poate avea pozi\u021bii diverse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Atunci c\u00e2nd st\u0103 \u00eenaintea cuv\u00e2ntului (antepus), ca un cuv\u00e2nt independent,&nbsp;<em><u>un<\/u>&nbsp;c\u00e2ine,&nbsp;<u>o<\/u>&nbsp;pisic\u0103,&nbsp;<u>ni\u0219te&nbsp;<\/u>animale<\/em>, articolul se nume\u0219te&nbsp;<em>proclitic<\/em>. Articolele nehot\u0103r\u00e2te sunt \u00eentotdeauna proclitice, precum \u0219i cele hot\u0103r\u00e2te propriu-zis cu forma&nbsp;<em>lui<\/em>&nbsp;la G \u0219i D .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e2nd articolul este ad\u0103ugat la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul cuv\u00e2ntului (postpus) este numit\u00a0<em>enclitic<\/em>\u00a0<em>c\u00e2ine<u>le<\/u>, c\u00e2ini<u>i<\/u>, pisic<u>a<\/u>, pisici<u>le<\/u><\/em>. Articolele enclitice sunt articolele propriu-zise, la toate formele cu excep\u021bia formei\u00a0<em>lui<\/em>. Atunci c\u00e2nd are alte pozi\u021bii, articolul este posesiv (genitival) sau demonstrativ (adjectival).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Articolul\u00a0este o\u00a0parte de vorbire flexibil\u0103\u00a0care \u00eenso\u021be\u0219te de obicei un\u00a0substantiv\u00a0\u0219i arat\u0103 \u00een ce m\u0103sur\u0103 obiectul denumit de acesta este cunoscut vorbitorilor. Are un rol de instrument gramatical (unealt\u0103 gramatical\u0103, morfem sau [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2140,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2138"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2138"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2138\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2142,"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2138\/revisions\/2142"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2140"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2138"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2138"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2138"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}