{"id":2265,"date":"2025-02-05T19:46:08","date_gmt":"2025-02-05T17:46:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/?p=2265"},"modified":"2025-05-13T20:02:50","modified_gmt":"2025-05-13T17:02:50","slug":"fondarea-romei-istorie-si-legenda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/?p=2265","title":{"rendered":"Fondarea Romei: istorie \u0219i legend\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

LUMEA ROMAN\u0102<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/object>Fondarea_Romei_istorie_\u0219i_legend\u0103 <\/a>Descarc\u0103<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Fondarea_Romei_istorie_\u0219i_legend\u0103 prezentare PPT <\/a>Descarc\u0103<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Fondarea Romei – schi\u021ba lec\u021biei <\/a>Descarc\u0103<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Fondarea Romei: istorie \u015fi legend\u0103<\/strong> (de la colegii din Rom\u00e2nia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– schi\u0163a lec\u0163iei –<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Primii locuitori ai Italiei antice au fost italicii<\/strong>, din care f\u0103ceau parte latinii, sabinii<\/em>, samni\u0163ii<\/em>. La \u00eenceputul mileniului I \u00ee.Hr. din Orient au venit etruscii<\/strong>, iar \u00een sudul peninsuleiItalice se g\u0103seau elenii<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dup\u0103 tradi\u0163ie, Roma, cetatea celor \u015fapte coline, a fost \u00eentemeiat\u0103 \u00een anul 753 \u00ee.Hr. pe colina Palatin<\/em><\/strong> de l\u00e2ng\u0103 Tibru, \u00een regiunea Latium<\/em><\/strong>. \u00centemeietorul legendar al cet\u0103\u0163ii a fost Romulus, \u00een acela\u015fi timp \u015fi \u00eent\u00e2iul rege. Conform legendelor, Roma a fost condus\u0103 de \u015fapte regi. Primii patru au fost latini \u015fi sabini, iar ultimii trei etrusci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Societatea roman\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • unitatea de baz\u0103 a societ\u0103\u0163ii romane \u00een secolele de \u00eenceput a fost ginta<\/em><\/strong> (gens), alc\u0103tuit\u0103 din oameni care aveau acela\u015fi str\u0103mo\u015f. De-a \u015fungul istoriei Romei se cunosc c\u00e2teva gin\u0163i mari gens Iulia<\/em> (din care f\u0103cea parte Iulius Caesar);<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • zece gin\u0163i formau o curie<\/em><\/strong>, iar mai multe curii un trib<\/em><\/strong>;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • treptat importan\u0163a gin\u0163ii a sc\u0103zut, rolul s\u0103u fiind luat de familie. \u015eeful acesteia era tat\u0103l<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      (pater familias<\/em><\/strong>);<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • membrii unei gin\u0163i se numeau patricieni<\/strong>, pentru c\u0103 descindeau din acela\u015fi str\u0103mo\u015f, p\u0103rintele (pater) gin\u0163ii.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • patricienii erau proprietari de p\u0103m\u00e2nt \u015fi aveau drepturi politice depline (aristocra\u0163ia);<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • plebeii<\/strong> proveneau din r\u00e2ndul celor f\u0103r\u0103 origine ori din str\u0103inii stabili\u0163i la Roma \u015fi se ocupau cu me\u015fte\u015fugurile \u015fi comer\u0163ul;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • de\u015fi erau oameni liberi, nu beneficiau de drepturi politice, nu puteau st\u0103p\u00e2ni p\u0103m\u00e2nt \u015fi nu aveau gin\u0163i proprii;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • sclavii<\/strong> erau \u00een num\u0103r redus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • prin reforma lui Servius Tullius<\/strong>, cet\u0103\u0163enii erau \u00eemp\u0103r\u0163i\u0163i \u00een func\u0163ie de avere \u00een clase de centurii. O centurie era format\u0103 din 100 de oameni<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  \u00cen fruntea statului se afla regele<\/strong>. El era comandant militar, judec\u0103tor supreme \u015fi mare preot (pontifex maximus<\/em><\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Puterea regelui era limitat\u0103 de Senat<\/strong>, format din 300 de patricieni, conduc\u0103tori ai gin\u0163ilor. Adunarea poporului<\/strong>, \u00eentrunit\u0103 pe triburi, curii sau centurii (comi\u0163ii), avea ca principal\u0103<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  atribu\u0163ie alegerea regelui.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Nemul\u0163umi\u0163i de cre\u015fterea puterii regale, patricienii au provocat o r\u0103scoal\u0103 \u00een 509 \u00ee.Hr<\/strong>., care a dus la \u00eenl\u0103turarea regalit\u0103\u0163ii.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  LUMEA ROMAN\u0102 Fondarea Romei: istorie \u015fi legend\u0103 (de la colegii din Rom\u00e2nia) – schi\u0163a lec\u0163iei – Primii locuitori ai Italiei antice au fost italicii, din care f\u0103ceau parte latinii, sabinii, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2266,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2265"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2265"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2265\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2272,"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2265\/revisions\/2272"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2266"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2265"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2265"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cedra.academy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2265"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}